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일본 이주의 실제 비용: 초기 비용과 숨겨진 비용

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About the Term "Share House"
In Japan, the term "Share House"(シェアハウス) covers a wide range of living styles. Unlike the Western definition of a small shared home, here it also includes large-scale "Co-living" complexes with 50 to 100+ rooms. Whether you are looking for a cozy wooden house or a modern building with a lounge and coworking space, they are all listed under "Share House."
Following Japanese custom, this website refers to all such properties collectively as "Share Houses."

일본에서의 생활을 시작하게 되어 기대되시나요?
좋아하는 지역에 월 ¥60,000 ($382)의 멋진 아파트를 찾았다고 가정해 보세요. “저렴하네!”라고 생각하실 수도 있겠죠.
하지만 부동산 중개업소에 가서 견적을 확인하는 순간, 깜짝 놀라실 겁니다.
총 비용이 ¥300,000 ($1,908)을 넘어가기 때문이죠.

왜 그럴까요?
일본 임대 시스템에는 외국인이 파악하기 어려운 독특한 ‘숨겨진 비용’이 많습니다. 이를 모른 채 계약하면 예산이 붕괴되고 일본 생활 시작이 꼬일 수 있습니다.(이런 비용은 일본인인 우리도 헷갈리는데, 계약 전 만난 해외 친구들은 정말 당황해하더군요.)

이 글은 일반 임대와 쉐어하우스 모두에 적용되는 모든 ‘보이지 않는 비용’을 밝힙니다.

본 사이트는 쉐어하우스 생활을 추천하므로, 후반부에서는 쉐어하우스와 비용을 비교하겠습니다.

目次

1. 일본 특유의 초기 비용 함정

일본에서 일반 아파트를 임대할 때 4~6개월치 월세에 해당하는 초기 비용을 지불하는 것이 표준입니다. 세부 내역을 살펴보겠습니다.

비용 항목 일반적 비용 환불 가능? 상세 내용 및 참고 사항
키머니
(레이킨 / 礼金)
월세 1~2개월분 아니오 집주인에게 드리는 “감사”의 의미로 지급하는 금액입니다.
보증금
(敷金 / 시키킨)
월세 1~2개월분 예* 잠재적인 수리 비용을 충당하기 위해 예치하는 금액입니다.
중개 수수료 월세 1개월분 + 세금 아니오 부동산 중개업자에게 지급하는 수수료입니다.
보증인 회사 수수료 초기: 월세의 50%~100%
갱신: ~¥10,000 ($64) / 년
없음 임차인이 임대료를 납부하지 못할 경우 임대료를 충당하기 위함입니다.
자물쇠 교체 수수료 ¥15,000 ($95) ~ ¥25,000 ($159) NO 이전 세입자와 동일한 열쇠 사용을 방지하기 위한 자물쇠 교체 비용입니다.

키머니 (Reikin礼金 / 방을 빌려줘서 고맙다는 의미의 감사금 🤣)

외국인들에게 가장 이해하기 어려운 비용입니다. 집주인에게 지불하는 “감사”의 의미로, “방을 빌려줘서 고맙다”는 뜻입니다.

  • 일반적인 금액: 월세 1~2개월치
  • 환불: 없음 (환불 불가)
  • 참고: 오래된 관습이지만, 특히 동일본의 인기 지역에서는 여전히 흔합니다.
왜 이런 터무니없는 비용이 존재할까요?

그 기원은 제2차 세계대전 후 심각한 주택 부족에 있습니다. 당시 도쿄를 비롯한 주요 도시들은 불타버렸고, 남아있는 집은 극소수였습니다. 그러나 재건 작업을 위해 많은 사람들이 도시로 몰려들었습니다.

주택이 극히 부족했기 때문에, 절박한 세입자들은 집주인에게 “뇌물”이나 “선물”이라는 명목으로 추가 비용을 지불하며 “다른 사람 대신 제가 여기 살게 해주세요”라고 간청했습니다.

오늘날 일본에는 주택이 풍부하지만, 이 오래된 관습은 ‘레이킨(礼金)’이라는 의무적 비용으로 남아 있습니다.

그러나 레이킨은 도쿄를 비롯한 관동 지역에서도 점차 감소하거나 사라지고 있습니다.
이러한 분위기 속에서, 예를 들어 2개월치 레이킨을 요구하는 부동산은 비용에도 불구하고 세입자를 끌어들이는 고품질 유닛인 경향이 있습니다.
또한 외국인은 당연히 생소하고 임의적으로 보이는 레이킨을 받아들이기 어려워하기 때문에, 많은 중개업체는 외국인 고객에게 레이킨이 없는 부동산만 보여줍니다.

Security Deposit / Bond (Shiki-kin)

Money is deposited to cover potential repairs to the room.

  • Typical amount: 1 to 2 months’ rent
  • Refund: Returned after deducting cleaning fees upon move-out, but rarely in full.
Tokyo is an exception. Your Shiki-kin will be returned.

Disputes over Shiki-kin deposit refunds are extremely common, even among Japanese tenants.

Due to frequent conflicts, Tokyo enacted its own ordinance. Under this rule, as long as tenants use the property in a manner typical for Japanese residents (not causing significant damage, not damaging walls or floors, not smoking indoors), they should generally receive a full refund.
This is known as the “Tokyo Rule.”

Brokerage Fee

A fee paid to the real estate agent.

  • Typical Fee: 0.5-1 month’s rent + tax

Guarantor Company Fee

If you don’t have a Japanese guarantor, joining a guarantor company is mandatory. This applies to most foreigners. In urban areas, it’s practically essential even when dealing with Japanese people.

  • Typical cost: 50% to 100% of the monthly rent (initial fee), followed by an annual renewal fee of approximately ¥10,000 ($64).

Lock Exchange Fee

This fee covers replacing locks to prevent using the same keys as the previous tenant.

  • Typical cost: ¥15,000 ($95) to ¥25,000 ($159)
  • Pro Tip: Often free or very low cost in shared housing.

2. Monthly Hidden Costs

You won’t just be paying rent.

Maintenance Fee / CAM Fee

This covers cleaning common areas like hallways and entrances, plus electricity costs.
Even if a search site displays “Rent ¥50,000 ($318),” the actual cost is often “Rent ¥50,000 ($318) + Maintenance Fee ¥10,000 ($64),” making your monthly payment ¥60,000 ($382).

  • Always check the “total amount”.

Renewal Fee

This is the biggest trap. Most rental contracts are for 2 years.
If you decide “I want to keep living here” after 2 years, you need to pay an additional month’s rent.

  • Share House Advantage: Many share houses don’t have this renewal fee!

3. Hidden Costs in Share Houses? What to Watch Out For

“So share houses are safe then?”
While they are significantly cheaper than regular rentals, share houses have their own unique costs. Don’t overlook these.

Contract Fee / Administrative Fee

While there’s no “key money” like in regular rentals, many share house companies charge an initial fee of around ¥30,000 ($191) to ¥50,000 ($318).

  • Note: This is not a security deposit and will not be refunded when you move out.

Amenity/System Service Fee

Separate from rent, a monthly fee of approximately ¥1,000 ($6) to ¥2,000 ($13) may be charged for shared supplies like toilet paper and detergent.

Bedding Rental

Even if listed as “furnished,” mattresses or futons may not be included, or may be charged separately (e.g., “monthly rental fee ¥2,000 ($13)”). You need to confirm whether you will buy your own bedding or rent it.

Early Termination Penalty

If you move out before the minimum lease period (e.g., 3 or 6 months), you may incur a penalty fee equivalent to one month’s rent. Those planning short-term stays should pay particular attention.

4. Move-out Costs: Amortization

Be aware of the term “Amortization (償却金 / Shokyaku-kin)”.
If the contract states “1 month security deposit (100% amortization)”, you will not get a single yen back from the deposit you paid. It functions essentially like a key money payment.

Additionally, for share houses, it’s common to be charged a flat “cleaning fee (¥15,000 ($95) ~ ¥30,000 ($191))” upon moving out. You must pay this regardless of how clean you kept the room.

Summary: Making Smart Choices

Let’s compare the cost structures of regular rentals and share houses.

Cost Item Regular Rental (Apartment) Share House
Key Money(Reikin) Yes (1-2 months’ rent) No
Brokerage Fee Yes (1 month’s rent) None but most of them have a Contract Fee( about ¥30,000 ($191) )
Furniture/Appliance Purchase Cost High (Refrigerator, Washing Machine, etc.) ¥0 (Provided)
Renewal Fee (Every 2 Years) Yes (1 month’s rent) No
Internet & Utilities Individual Contract (Expensive/Hassle) Flat rate or included (Easy/Cheaper)

Comparison of living in an average Tokyo apartment/condo with a ¥100,000 monthly rent

Item Standard Apartment Share House
Monthly Rent ¥100,000 ($636) ¥100,000 ($636)
Maintenance Fee ¥15,000 ($95) ¥15,000 ($95)
*Includes Utilities & Wi-Fi
Initial Costs (Move-in Fees)
Key Money (Reikin) ¥100,000 ($636) (1 mo) 0
Deposit (Shikikin) ¥200,000 ($1,272) (2 mos) 0
Agency Fee ¥110,000 ($700) (1.1 mo) 0
Guarantor / Ins. / Locks approx. ¥90,000 ($572) 0
Contract / Cleaning Fee 0 ¥50,000 ($318)
Total Initial Cost approx. ¥500,000 ($3,180) ¥50,000 ($318)
Total Cost for 2 Years
Rent + Maint. (24 mos) ¥2,760,000 ($17,554) ¥2,760,000 ($17,554)
Furniture & Appliances ¥200,000 ($1,272) 0 (Furnished)
Utilities & Wi-Fi approx. ¥360,000 ($2,290)
(~¥15,000 ($95)/mo)
0 (Included)
Renewal & Move-out approx. ¥110,000 ($700) approx. ¥30,000 ($191)
Grand Total (2 Years) approx. ¥3,930,000 ($24,995) approx. ¥2,840,000 ($18,063)
*Comparison based on: Rent ¥100,000 ($636), Apartment Deposit 2 months, Furniture Purchase ¥200,000 ($1,272). Share house maintenance fee is assumed to include utilities.

If you want to save on “¥100,000 ($636) to ¥200,000 ($1,272) in initial costs” and avoid the hassle of buying furniture, a share house is definitely recommended.

However, when choosing a share house, always ask these three questions:

  1. “Is the contract fee refundable?” (Is the contract fee refundable? → Usually no)
  2. “Is there a penalty if I move out within 3 months?” (Is there a penalty for moving out within 3 months?)
  3. “Are there any mandatory monthly fees besides rent and utilities?” (Are there any mandatory monthly fees besides rent and utilities?)

Don’t get fooled by Japan’s complex rental system! Spend your money wisely and start enjoying your life in Japan!

Miyuki
I lived in six share houses(name of "Co-living-place" in Japan) , mainly in Tokyo, ranging from budget properties to luxury properties, and from dormitories to private rooms.
I'm a former backpacker who has visited over 60 countries.Maybe we've met somewhere on the Earth 😀
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